c. 1200, religioun , “condition regarding lifetime limited by monastic vows,” plus “action or run exhibiting a conviction within the good divine strength and you can reverence to have and wish to excite they,” out of Anglo-French religiun (11c.), Dated French faith , relegion “piety, devotion; religious people,” and you will right from Latin religionem (nominative religio ) “esteem for just what is actually sacred, reverence with the gods; conscientiousness, sense of best, moral responsibility; anxiety about the brand new gods; divine solution, spiritual observance; a religion, a faith, a style from praise, cult; sanctity, holiness,” inside the Late Latin “monastic lives” (5c.).
That it noun of step is derived because of the Cicero away from relegere “proceed through again” (in discovering or perhaps in thought), from re also- “again” (discover lso are-) + legere “read” (discover lecture (letter.)). Yet not, popular etymology one of many later on ancients (Servius, Lactantius, Augustine) together with translation of numerous modern publishers connects it with religare “to help you join prompt” (look for depend), via the notion of “place an obligation with the,” or “bond ranging from human beings and you will gods.” In this case, this new re also- is intense.
When you look at the English, the definition “version of system from believe regarding the worship off a great divine becoming otherwise beings” is through c. 1300; the sense out of “recognition regarding and you will allegiance from inside the a style of lives (considered justly owed) to a higher, unseen fuel otherwise powers” try regarding 1530s.
Records connecting so you’re able to Faith
word-building element meaning “straight back, straight back off, returning to the first place;” also “once more, anew, again,” plus promoting the very thought of “undoing” or “backwards,” etc. (come across experience development lower than), c. 1200, from Old French lso are- and you can straight from Latin re also- an inseparable prefix meaning “again; back; anew, up against.”
Watkins (2000) makes reference to so it due to the fact a great “Latin combining form conceivably from Indo-European *wret- , metathetical variation away from *wert- “to turn.” De- Vaan claims the latest “simply acceptable etymology” for it is a beneficial 2004 reasons and this reconstructs a root inside Pie *ure “right back.”
Inside basic Latin the latest prefix turned into red- just before vowels and you may h- , an application preserved when you sitio de citas árabe look at the redact, get, redolent, redundant, redintegrate , and you can, inside disguise, give (v.). In a number of English terminology of French and you may Italian re also- appears as ra- and the following consonant might be twofold (select rally (v.1)).
The many meanings on the concept of “back” bring lso are- its wide experience-range: “a rotating back; opposition; restoration in order to an old county; “change so you’re able to an opposite condition.” About prolonged sensory faculties from inside the “again,” re- gets “repetition out-of a task,” as well as in it experience it is rather prominent since a good formative consider English, applicable to the verb. OED produces that it is “impossible to decide to try a complete checklist of all the versions ensuing from the use,” and you can contributes you to “The amount of these is almost infinite . “
Usually just intense, as well as in certain elderly borrowings regarding French and Latin the specific sense of lso are- is actually missing, destroyed for the additional senses, otherwise poor beyond identification, so it does not have any apparent semantic articles (found, suggest, get well, cure, recreate, send, faith, remain, demand, require). Truth be told there seem to have become way more including conditions when you look at the Middle English than simply shortly after, elizabeth.grams. recomfort (v.) “to morale, console; encourage;” recourse (letter.) “a process, method, path.” Recover in the Middle English and you are going to mean “receive, win” (delight, a kingdom, an such like.) with no thought of providing some thing back, and “obtain the top of hands, overcome; arrived at;” contemplate the new court sense of healing once the “see (property) from the wisdom or courtroom procedures.”
And you may, because of sound alter and highlight changes, re- both totally seems to lose their name as a beneficial prefix (rebel, relic, remnant, restive, others (letter.2) “rest,” rally (v.1) “bring together”). In some conditions it’s faster in order to roentgen-, as in ransom money (a doublet of redemption), rampart, etcetera.
It actually was made use of away from Center English in the building words off Germanic along with Latin points (reconstruct, fill-up, reset, rewrite), and was used therefore even in Old French (be sorry for, respect, award, etcetera.).
c. 1300, “composed really works, literature;” late 14c., “studying out of guides,” from Medieval Latin lectura “a training,” regarding Latin lectus , previous participle out-of legere “to read,” to begin with “to get, collect, select, choose” (examine elect), regarding Pie means *leg- (1) “to get, gather,” with types definition “to speak (in order to ‘pick out words’).” Hence to see is, perhaps, etymologically, to “select words.”
Religion (n.)
The feeling out of “a learning aloud, action off reading aloud” (either in divine praise or even people) in English came up very early 15c. Compared to “a discourse to your certain subject just before an audience to have purposes from classes” are regarding 1530s. Meaning “admonitory address given with a perspective so you’re able to reproof or modification” is away from c. 1600. Lecture-place are off 1793; lecture-hall away from 1832. For the Greek what nevertheless encountered the twice sensory faculties per “to speak” and you will “to gather” ( apologos “a story, facts, fable;” elaiologos “an enthusiastic olive gatherer”).